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When buying a car from a private seller in New Mexico, you must obtain the original Certificate of Title. The seller must complete the "Assignment of Title" section on the back, including the date of sale, the purchase price, and the current odometer reading. Both you and the seller must sign this section. Ensure the seller's signature matches the name on the front of the title.
Yes, in two specific situations. An emissions inspection is required for most vehicles registered in Bernalillo County. The seller must provide you with a valid passing emissions certificate that is no more than 90 days old. Additionally, if the vehicle has an out-of-state title, a VIN inspection is required. This can be done at an MVD office or by a certified law enforcement officer.
Yes, a Bill of Sale (MVD Form 10009) is required. The New Mexico MVD uses this form to verify the purchase price and calculate the correct tax. The Bill of Sale must include the vehicle information (VIN, make, model, year), the sale price, the date of sale, and the signatures of both the buyer and seller.
You will be required to pay a Motor Vehicle Excise Tax (MVET), which is 4% of the sale price. This tax is paid directly to the MVD when you title the vehicle, not to the seller. If the purchase price is significantly below the fair market value, the MVD may require additional documentation. You will also pay a separate title fee and registration fees.
Examine the front of the title for any listed lienholders. If a bank or credit union is listed, the seller must provide you with a "Release of Lien" (Form MVD-10041) or the title must have the lien officially released on the document itself. Without proof that the loan has been paid off, you will not be able to obtain a clean title.
You have 30 days from the date of purchase to transfer the title and register the vehicle at a New Mexico MVD office. If you fail to do so within 30 days, you will be charged penalty fees when you eventually complete the transfer.
To complete the title transfer and registration, you will need to bring the following:
The original New Mexico title, signed by both the seller and you.
A completed Bill of Sale (Form 10009).
A passing emissions test certificate (if registering in Bernalillo County).
A VIN inspection (if the title is from out of state).
Proof of current New Mexico liability insurance in your name.
Your valid driver's license.
Payment for the 4% MVET, title, and registration fees.
Navigate New Mexico's Private Car Sales: Documents, Inspections, and Safety Tips.
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