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When buying a car from a private seller in Virginia, you must obtain the original Certificate of Title. The seller must complete "Section A" on the front of the title, known as the "Assignment of Title by Owner." They must fill in the date of sale, the sale price, and the current odometer reading. Both the seller and the buyer must sign this section. If the title is an older version, the assignment section might be on the back.
You will pay a Motor Vehicle Sales and Use Tax (SUT) when you title the vehicle. The rate is currently 4.15% of the vehicle's sale price or the NADA Official Used Car Guide trade-in value, whichever is higher. There is a minimum SUT of $75. This tax is paid directly to the DMV, not the seller. You will also pay a $15 title fee and registration fees, which vary based on the vehicle's weight and your license plate choice.
While the signed title serves as the primary transfer document, the Virginia DMV strongly recommends a Bill of Sale. It serves as proof of the purchase price, which is critical for tax purposes. If the vehicle is more than 5 years old, a bill of sale is typically sufficient to establish the sale price for taxation. Without it, the DMV may tax you based on the book value, which could be higher.
Check the front of the title for any liens listed. If a financial institution is listed as a lienholder, the seller must providing a clear title with the lien released, or a letter from the lender stating the lien has been satisfied. If the lien is not properly released, the DMV will not issue a new title in your name.
While the signed title serves as the primary transfer document, the Virginia DMV strongly recommends a Bill of Sale. It serves as proof of the purchase price, which is critical for tax purposes. If the vehicle is more than 5 years old, a bill of sale is typically sufficient to establish the sale price for taxation. Without it, the DMV may tax you based on the book value, which could be higher.
Master Private Car Purchases in Virginia: Essential Tips, Paperwork, and Resources.
View Virginia Guide
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